LoongArch Linux kernel patch raises CPU core limit from 256 to 2,048, paving the way for future high-core-count servers. Explore technical details, commercial implications, and how China’s Loongson processors could disrupt data center markets.
Current Limitations and Upcoming Improvements
Currently, the Linux kernel for LoongArch processors—a MIPS64-derived, RISC-V-inspired architecture developed in China—supports a maximum of 256 CPU cores.
However, a pending patch will increase this limit to 2,048 cores, positioning LoongArch for future high-core-count server deployments.
Key details:
Existing Loongson processors (e.g., 3C5000, 3D5000) typically feature 4–16 cores.
Upcoming Loongson 3E6000 server CPUs are expected to scale to 64–128 cores, though mass production hasn’t begun.
The 2,048-core cap was chosen due to hardware constraints (e.g., IPI interrupt handling).
Why does this matter? While x86_64 Linux kernels support up to 8,192 cores, LoongArch’s expansion signals its ambition to compete in data center and enterprise computing.
Technical Breakdown: The 2,048-Core Patch
The patch modifies:
NR_CPUS Kconfig range (256 → 2,048)
Kernel memory allocation for core-related structures
Inter-processor interrupt (IPI) handling to accommodate the higher limit
Performance considerations:
The update is forward-looking—current Loongson hardware doesn’t approach 2,048 cores.
Scalability testing will be critical for future multi-socket servers.
FAQs: LoongArch’s Future in the Server Market
Q: When will 2,048-core LoongArch servers be available?
A: No announced timeline, but the patch prepares the ecosystem for future hardware releases.
Q: How does LoongArch compare to ARM or RISC-V?
A: It blends MIPS64 efficiency with RISC-V-inspired design, targeting domestic Chinese markets first.
Q: Could this impact global server pricing?
A: If Loongson achieves scale, it may introduce cost competition in budget server segments.
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